McCarthy, 152: "Beneath the banner of the term [cybernetics], [Norbert] Wiener elaborates a giant, almost universally applicable vision through which everything from economics to biology, psychology to media to law, can be both mapped and manipulated by being understood as an information or communication system"
Never heard it explained exactly that way before. Are these intended as synonymous, or either/or? McCarthy reverts quickly to the more familiar "understood, that is, as a networked mechanism formed of and driven by a set of circuits, relays, and, most importantly, feedback loops"