Sluka 22-3: "The basic characteristics of cultures of terror is that these are societies where 'order' (more precisely, the order of stratification or social inequality) and the politicoeconomic status quo can only be maintained by the permanent, massive, and systematic use or threat of violence and intimidation by the state as a means of political control. A culture of terror is an institutionalized system of permanent intimidation of the masses or subordinated communities by the elite, characterized by the use of torture and disappearances and other forms of extrajudicial 'death squad' killings as standard practice. A culture of terror establishes 'collective fear' as a brutal means of social control."